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The first reviewer is blinded to study condition and saves the photographs with the child's face blurred. Each photograph is reviewed and scored by two team members.
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Participants send us via text message over the course of 12 months. The portion of the study that includes blinding is the review of the monthly photo submissions. The blinding will not include the participants. This is a single-blinded study where a portion of the study will include blinding of study team members who are assessing outcomes. Blocks will be stratified by child passenger safety recommendations for age (<2 years, rear-facing 2-4 years, forward-facing 5+ years, booster seat) and reason for study eligibility (not consistently using the recommended restraint for age and size or planning a premature transition in the coming 6 months).Īfter 6-month follow-up, participants in the intervention group only who continue suboptimal child passenger safety behaviors will be re-randomized in a 1:1 ratio to basic or enhanced intervention. Block randomization (block sizes from four to eight) will be applied to assign participants to intervention or control in a 3:1 ratio. Top of Page Study Description Study Design Arms and Interventions Outcome Measures Eligibility Criteria Contacts and Locations More InformationĪfter the baseline survey, all participants will be randomized into one of two groups: 1) basic intervention or 2) control group. We hypothesize that by providing tailored child passenger safety education and personalized skills for restraint use in a manner that supports autonomous motivation the TCBD/ABCB intervention will be more efficacious than universal approaches (laws/guidelines) for realizing correct use of size-appropriate child passenger restraints. TCBD/ABCB integrates personalized counseling based on principles of motivational interviewing (MI) and eHealth components including a tailored educational mobile-friendly website "site" and short message service (SMS) communications with the goal of improving child passenger safety. The proposed research will test the efficacy of Tiny Cargo, Big Deal/Abróchame Bien, Cuídame Bien (TCBD/ABCB), a bilingual emergency department (ED)-based precision prevention intervention grounded in Self-Determination Theory. Precision prevention programs are urgently needed to improve child passenger safety behaviors among caregivers who have not been responsive to guidelines, laws, and public education campaigns. Existing universal approaches to promote child passenger safety have fallen short of ensuring that all child passengers are correctly using size-appropriate child passenger restraints according to guidelines published by the American Academy of Pediatrics and the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration. Motor vehicle collisions (MVCs) remain the leading cause of unintentional injury deaths among children in the United States (U.S.) and racial/ethnic minority children are disproportionately impacted as suboptimal child passenger safety behaviors are more prevalent in some communities.
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